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2016-2017 Undergraduate Catalog [ARCHIVED CATALOG]
Zoology
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Return to: Majors and Minors
OVERVIEW OF DEGREE REQUIREMENTS
Minimum number of credits required to graduate: 120
Minimum Cumulative GPA required to graduate: 2.0
Minimum Grade requirements for courses to count toward major: Zoology Majors must have a “C” or better in BIO 100 and BIO 200.
Other GPA requirements to graduate: Zoology Majors require a cumulative 2.0 GPA in all courses in Biological Sciences Areas I-V, affiliated science, and math courses combined.
Required Course(s) for fulfilling Capstone Experience: BIO 388 or BIO 392 or BIO 402 or BIO 438 or BIO 447 or BIO 450 or BIO 463 or HON 499*. See concentration curriculums for specific requirements. *The thesis topic must be in Zoology and the thesis ad visor should be in the School of Biology and Ecology.
Contact Information: Karen Pelletreau, Undergraduate Program Coordinator, School of Biology and Ecology, 321 Murray Hall, (207) 581-2529, karen.pelletreau@maine.edu
Bachelor of Science or Bachelor of Arts
The School of Biology and Ecology offers both B.S. and B.A. degrees in Zoology. Both degrees provide a strong background in biological sciences. They have the same requirements in biological sciences and differ only in the level of chemistry, mathematics, and physics required. The B.S. requires more in depth study of chemistry, math, and physics while the B.A. requires more social sciences and humanities. The B.S. provides preparation for the health professions and graduate study while the B.A. ensures a broad liberal arts education and allows more flexibility for minors and double majors.
Zoology B.S.
Zoology B.A.
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Zoology B.S.
The B.S. degree in Zoology offered by the School of Biology and Ecology. For information about areas of research and for an overview of our facilities, cooperative programs, and list of faculty in the School of Biology and Ecology, see our web site.
Students choosing Zoology as a second major must complete the second major by selecting courses in Areas I-V that are not being used to satisfy the requirements of their first major.
Students majoring in Zoology are not eligible for a minor or second major in Biology or Botany because of extensive overlap in the requirements for these degrees.
Students majoring in Zoology must complete an assessment exit exam in their last semester prior to graduating.
Students majoring in Zoology must earn a score of 4 or 5 in order to receive advanced placement credit for BIO 100.
Students must complete a minimum of 12 credits originating from the University of Maine in Biological Sciences Areas I-V.
Students wishing to transfer from other institutions or from another program within the University of Maine must have completed BIO 100: Basic Biology with a grade of C or better or have a cumulative GPA of 2.0 or better.
The study of zoology increases our knowledge of human biology and of the biology of the many species of animals that we interact with. As in other fields of biology, recent developments in environmental studies, biotechnological research techniques, medicine, and related areas make the study of zoology important and fascinating. These areas are expected to continue growing and to affect our society in many ways and at many levels. Graduates of our Zoology program pursue various careers, depending on their interest, level of educational attainment, and subsequent professional education. Among the more typical career areas are scientific research and development, human and veterinary medicine, environmental monitoring and regulation at state and federal levels, and private design and consulting.
Zoology offers students many choices and allows them to tailor their programs to their interests. Students can choose from a wide range of courses covering all major areas of zoology including cells and molecules, genetics and development, physiology, anatomy, evolution and biodiversity, and ecology and behavior. Each student works with an academic adviser in the faculty to develop a curriculum that best meets the student’s goals and allows for exploration or specialization as desired. Students in their third and fourth years of study, and who intend to pursue post-baccalaureate studies leading to advanced degrees, are strongly encouraged to include independent research under the guidance of a faculty member in their programs.
Biology Club
Students majoring in Biology, Botany, Zoology, and Medical Laboratory Sciences (Medical Technology) are encouraged to join the Biology Club, a student organization that promotes an interest in the biological sciences and in biological research with invited speakers, panel discussions, debates, trips, social functions, and service projects. The club also supports a local chapter of the national honor society, Beta Beta Beta.
Concentrations in the B.S. Degree in Zoology
Optional concentrations are available in:
• Pre-medical Studies
• Ecology
These concentrations are described in detail following the suggested sequence of courses for the B.S. in Zoology.
Accelerated Binary Degree Programs, including the BS Degree in Zoology
The University of Maine and the University of New England College of Osteopathic Medicine (UNECOM), New England College of Optometry (NECO) and Logan College of Chiropractic (LCC) cooperate in providing accelerated undergraduate curricula leading to consideration for early admission to the cooperating colleges. Students complete three years at the University of Maine and are awarded the BS in Zoology upon the successful completion of the first year curriculum at UNECOM, NECO, or LCC. Contact the Office of Health Professions (207) 581-2587 for complete program details and a curriculum for the first three years.
Combined B.S. and M.S. degrees in Botany, Entomology, or Zoology
These Four Plus programs allow highly dedicated students to earn both the B.S. and M.S. degrees in five to six years. This allows the student to save time and reduces the cost of the M.S. degree. See our web site for details.
Basic Biological Sciences for the B.S. in Zoology
Note: BIO 208, Anatomy and Physiology, BIO 222 Biology: The Living Science and BIO 223 Biology: the Living Science Laboratory will not count towards the major for students majoring in Zoology.
Biological Sciences Areas I-V
The following are minimum requirements for these 5 areas: 24 credits, 3 credits/area, 4 laboratory (L) courses, and at least 3 animal (A) courses from areas III - V.
If BIO 438, BIO 447, BIO 450, or BIO 463 is taken as a capstone, it can satisfy the area in which it is listed and can count as a laboratory course (if labeled L) but cannot count towards the 24 credits required in Areas I-V.
I. Cell and Molecular Biology
If only one course is selected from this area, it must be BMB 280 or BIO 480
IV. Biodiversity and Evolution
- BIO 310 - Plant Biology Credits: 4
- BIO 326 - General Entomology Credits: 4
- BIO 329 - Vertebrate Biology Credits: 3
- BIO 331 - Vertebrate Biology Laboratory Credits: 1
- BIO 335 - Human Anatomy Credits: 4
- BIO 342 - Plants in Our World Credits: 3
- BIO 353 - Invertebrate Zoology Credits: 4
- BIO 430 - Ecology and Systematics of Aquatic Insects Credits: 4
- BIO 432 - Biology of the Fungi Credits: 4
- BIO 433 - Mammalogy Credits: 4
- BIO 464 - Taxonomy of Vascular Plants Credits: 4
- BIO 465 - Evolution Credits: 3
- SFR 439 - Plant Anatomy Structure and Function Credits: 3
- SMS 373 - Marine and Freshwater Algae Credits: 4
L-BIO 310, BIO 326, BIO 331, BIO 335, BIO 353, BIO 430, BIO 432, BIO 433, BIO 464, SFR 439, SMS 373
A-BIO, 326, BIO 329, BIO 335, BIO 353, BIO 430, BIO 433
P-BIO 310, BIO 342, BIO 432, BIO 464, SFR 439, SMS 373
V. Ecology and Behavior
If only one course is selected from this area, it must be BIO 319, SMS 300, or WLE 200, only one of which may be taken for degree credit.
- BIO 205 - Field Natural History of Maine Credits: 4
- BIO 319 - General Ecology Credits: 3
- BIO 327 - Introductory Applied Entomology Credits: 4
- BIO 354 - Animal Behavior Credits: 3
- BIO 355 - Animal Behavior Laboratory Credits: 2
- BIO 434 - Avian Biology and Ecology Credits: 3
- BIO 437 - Avian Biology and Ecology Laboratory Credits: 1
- BIO 447 - Experimental Ecology Credits: 4
- BIO 455 - Biological Invasions Credits: 4
- BIO 463 - River Ecology Credits: 4
- BIO 468 - Lake Ecology Credits: 3
- BIO 476 - Paleoecology Credits: 4
- EES 140 - Soil Science Credits: 3
- EES 141 - Soil Science Laboratory Credits: 1
- EES 475 - Field Studies in Ecology Credits: 1-3
- INT 482 - (SBE, PSE) Pesticides and the Environment Credits: 3
- PSE 320 - Soil Organic Matter Management Credits: 3
- PSE 457 - Plant Pathology Credits: 4
- SMS 300 - Marine Ecology Credits: 3
- WLE 200 - Ecology Credits: 3
- WLE 201 - Ecology Laboratory Credits: 3
- WLE 423 - Wetland Ecology and Conservation Credits: 4
L-BIO 205, BIO 327, BIO 355, BIO 437, BIO 447, BIO 463, BIO 476, EES 141, EES 475, PSE 457, WLE 201, WLE 280, WLE 423 A-BIO 327, BIO 354, BIO 434 P-PSE 457
Affiliated Sciences and Math for the B.S. in Zoology
To complete your B.S. in Zoology you must take courses in Chemistry, Mathematics, and Physics. Below we have outlined your options for completing each requirement.
Organic Chemistry Option 1
Organic Chemistry Option 2
Organic Chemistry Option 3
Courses in Suggested Sequence for the B.S. in Zoology
First Year -First Semester
First Year - Second Semester
Second Year - First Semester
Second Year - Second Semester
Third Year - First Semester
- PHY 111 - General Physics I Credits: 4
(See Footnote 4) - General Education Requirement or Elective Credits: 6
- Biological Sciences Area Choice2 Credits: 5-7
Third Year - Second Semester
- PHY 112 - General Physics II Credits: 4
(See Footnote 4) - General Education Requirement or Elective Credits: 6-9
- Biological Sciences Area Choice2 Credits: 3-4
Fourth Year - First Semester
- Biological Sciences Area Choice2 Credits: 4
- Capstone5 or Elective Credits: 3
- General Education Requirements or Electives Credits: 6-9
Fourth Year - Second Semester
- Biological Sciences Area Choice2 Credits 4-9
- Elective or Capstone5 Credits: 3
- General Education Requirements or Electives Credits: 6-9
Footnotes
1See the General Education requirements for all students at the University. If BIO 400 (Biological Sciences Writing Intensive) is used to satisfy the General Education Writing Intensive in the major requirement, then it must be taken in conjunction with a selected upper-level BIO course (see listings in Schedule of Classes), usually during the third or fourth year
2See above lists of courses in the five Biological Sciences Areas and follow requirements for total number of credits, number of credits per area, number of courses with laboratories (L), and number of animal (A) and plant (P) courses in areas III-V
3Alternatively, students may take BMB 221/222 and BMB 322/323 or CHY 251/253 and BMB 322/323
4Alternatively, students may take PHY 121/122
5The General Education capstone experience requirement may be completed with BIO 388, 392, 402, 438, 447, 450, 463, or HON 499
Concentration in Ecology
This concentration is intended for students interested in exposure to ecological principles within the context of a rigorous biological sciences curriculum. Students in this concentration must meet all of the requirements for the Zoology B.S. degree. The concentration also includes WLE 220 Introduction to Statistical Ecology and a requirement for a course on environmental influences. A total of 29-35 credits are required to complete the concentration depending on the selections made for each of the requirements.
Specific requirements:
1. Affiliated Sciences and Math
2. Area I. Cell and Molecular Biology
Free choice among Area I courses in the Zoology curriculum Credits: 3-4
3. Area II. Genetics
Free choice among Area II courses in the Zoology curriculum Credits: 3-5
4. Area III. Physiology
Free choice among Area III courses in the Zoology curriculum Credits: 3
5. Area IV. Biodiversity
- BIO 465 - Evolution Credits: 3
- In Addition, 3 credits chosen from Area IV courses in the Zoology curriculum. Credits: 6-7
6. Area V. Ecology and Behavior
7. Primary and Secondary Producers
Choose at least one course labeled A and one labeled P from Areas I-V in the Zoology curriculum. These courses can also satisfy requirements in Areas I-V for the basic Zoology major and so do not add to the number of credits needed beyond the basic Zoology major.
8. Area VI. Environmental Influences
Three credits are required. Choose from these courses: 9. Field Experience
Choose at least one course from this list. This course can also satisfy one of the areas above. 10. Capstone
Choose one of these courses*: 11. Writing requirement (students in the Honors program are exempt)
One course required. Choose from the following courses*: Concentration in Pre-medical Studies
This concentration is intended for students preparing for a career in medicine or one of the other health professions (dentistry, optometry, osteopathy, physician assistant, pharmacy, podiatry, veterinary medicine and other health-related fields). Students completing this concentration will be fully prepared for advanced studies in these fields. In addition to the required science and mathematics courses, the concentration also includes general education courses that are desired by many medical schools. The concentration allows for considerable choice in courses and provides valuable guidance to students and their advisors with regard to course selection in their major and in general education requirements.
Requirements for the concentration
Students in the pre-medical studies concentration must meet all of the requirements for the ZOL-BS.
Specific requirements:
Affiliated Sciences and Math
- Choose CHY 251-254 to meet the organic chemistry requirement
Area I. Cell and Molecular Biology
Choose at least one of the following courses:
If only one course is chosen, it must be BMB 280 or BIO 480. Area III. Physiology
Choose at least one of these courses:
Area IV. Biodiversity
Choose at least one of these courses: Area V. Ecology and Behavior
- Free choice among the Area V courses in the ZOL-BS curriculum.
Capstone
Choose one of these courses: Other required courses
- BMB 322 - Biochemistry Credits: 3
and - BMB 323 - Biochemistry Laboratory Credits: 2
(See Footnote 1) - PSY 100 - General Psychology Credits: 3
(See Footnote 2) - SOC 101 - Introduction to Sociology Credits: 3
(See Footnote 2) - ENG 212 - Persuasive and Analytical Writing Credits: 3
(See Footnote 3) - Literature course: An English literature course at the 200 level or above
(See Footnote 4) - PHI 235 - Biomedical Ethics Credits: 3
(See Footnote 5)
Footnotes:
1Required by medical schools. If CHY 251-254 have been completed, BMB 323 can count as one of the four labs required in Areas I-V.
2Satisfies general education Social Contexts and Institutions.
3Satisfies general education Writing Intensive not required for students completing HON 211 and HON 212.
4Satisfies a general education area depending on the course chosen. Not required for students completing HON 211 and 212.
5Satisfies general education requirements for Ethics, Western Cultural Tradition, and Social Contexts and Institutions.
Notes
a. Inclusion of BIO 480, Cell Biology, is highly recommended. This course can only count in one area.
b. Physician assistant and pharmacy schools require two semesters of anatomy and physiology. This requirement can be met by combining BIO 208, Anatomy and Physiology, and BIO 377, 378 Medical physiology and lab OR by combining BIO 335, Human Anatomy, and BIO 377, 378 Medical physiology and lab. Check with the Health Professions Specialist for details of the program you want to pursue.
c. Students pursuing this concentration may want to consider a minor in Neuroscience, Chemistry, Psychology, or Business.
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Zoology B.A.
The B.A. degree in Zoology offered by the School of Biology and Ecology. For information about areas of research and for an overview of our facilities, cooperative programs, and list of faculty in the School of Biology and Ecology, see our web site.
Students choosing Zoology as a second major must complete the second major by selecting courses in Areas I-V that are not being used to satisfy the requirements of their first major.
Students majoring in Zoology are not eligible for a minor or second major in Biology or Botany because of extensive overlap in the requirements for these degrees.
Students majoring in Zoology must complete an assessment exit exam in their last semester prior to graduating.
Students majoring in Zoology must earn a score of 4 or 5 in order to receive advanced placement credit for BIO 100.
Students must complete a minimum of 12 credits originating from the University of Maine in Biological Sciences Areas I-V.
Students wishing to transfer from other institutions or from another program within the University of Maine must have completed BIO 100: Basic Biology with a grade of C or better or have a cumulative GPA of 2.0 or better.
The study of zoology increases our knowledge of human biology and of the biology of the many species of animals that we interact with. As in other fields of biology, recent developments in environmental studies, biotechnological research techniques, medicine, and related areas make the study of zoology important and fascinating. These areas are expected to continue growing and to affect our society in many ways and at many levels. Graduates of our Zoology program pursue various careers, depending on their interest, level of educational attainment, and subsequent professional education. Among the more typical career areas are scientific research and development, human and veterinary medicine, environmental monitoring and regulation at state and federal levels, and private design and consulting.
Zoology offers students many choices and allows them to tailor their programs to their interests. Students can choose from a wide range of courses covering all major areas of zoology including cells and molecules, genetics and development, physiology, anatomy, evolution and biodiversity, and ecology and behavior. Each student works with an academic adviser in the faculty to develop a curriculum that best meets the student’s goals and allows for exploration or specialization as desired. Students in their third and fourth years of study, and who intend to pursue post-baccalaureate studies leading to advanced degrees, are strongly encouraged to include independent research under the guidance of a faculty member in their programs.
Biology Club
Students majoring in Biology, Botany, Zoology, and Medical Laboratory Sciences (Medical Technology) are encouraged to join the Biology Club, a student organization that promotes an interest in the biological sciences and in biological research with invited speakers, panel discussions, debates, trips, social functions, and service projects. The club also supports a local chapter of the national honor society, Beta Beta Beta.
Optional Concentration in the B.A. degree in Zoology
Students may complete the basic B.A. in Zoology or they may add the optional Ecology Concentration. This concentration is described in detail following the suggested sequence of courses for the B.A. in Zoology.
Basic Biological Sciences for the B.A. in Zoology
Note: BIO 208, Anatomy and Physiology, BIO 222 Biology: The Living Science and BIO 223 Biology: the Living Science Laboratory will not count towards the major for students majoring in Zoology.
Biological Sciences Areas I-V
The following are minimum requirements for these 5 areas: 24 credits, 3 credits/area, 4 laboratory (L) courses, and at least 3 animal (A) courses from areas III - V.
If BIO 438, BIO 447, BIO 450, or BIO 463 is taken as a capstone, it can satisfy the area in which it is listed and can count as a laboratory course (if labeled L) but cannot count towards the 24 credits required in Areas I-V.
I. Cell and Molecular Biology
If only one course is selected from this area, it must be BMB 280 or BIO 480 IV. Biodiversity and Evolution
- BIO 310 - Plant Biology Credits: 4
- BIO 326 - General Entomology Credits: 4
- BIO 329 - Vertebrate Biology Credits: 3
- BIO 331 - Vertebrate Biology Laboratory Credits: 1
- BIO 335 - Human Anatomy Credits: 4
- BIO 342 - Plants in Our World Credits: 3
- BIO 353 - Invertebrate Zoology Credits: 4
- BIO 430 - Ecology and Systematics of Aquatic Insects Credits: 4
- BIO 432 - Biology of the Fungi Credits: 4
- BIO 433 - Mammalogy Credits: 4
- BIO 464 - Taxonomy of Vascular Plants Credits: 4
- BIO 465 - Evolution Credits: 3
- SFR 439 - Plant Anatomy Structure and Function Credits: 3
- SMS 373 - Marine and Freshwater Algae Credits: 4
- L - BIO 310, BIO 326, BIO 331, BIO 335, BIO 353, BIO 430, BIO 432, BIO 433, BIO 464, SFR 439, SMS 373
- A - BIO 326, BIO 329, BIO 335, BIO 353, BIO 430, BIO 433
- P- BIO 310, BIO 342, BIO 432, BIO 464, SFR 439, SMS 373
V. Ecology and Behavior
If only one course is selected from this area, it must be BIO 319, SMS 300, or WLE 200, only one of which may be taken for degree credit. - BIO 205 - Field Natural History of Maine Credits: 4
- BIO 319 - General Ecology Credits: 3
- BIO 327 - Introductory Applied Entomology Credits: 4
- BIO 354 - Animal Behavior Credits: 3
- BIO 355 - Animal Behavior Laboratory Credits: 2
- BIO 434 - Avian Biology and Ecology Credits: 3
- BIO 437 - Avian Biology and Ecology Laboratory Credits: 1
- BIO 447 - Experimental Ecology Credits: 4
- BIO 455 - Biological Invasions Credits: 4
- BIO 463 - River Ecology Credits: 4
- BIO 468 - Lake Ecology Credits: 3
- BIO 476 - Paleoecology Credits: 4
- EES 140 - Soil Science Credits: 3
- EES 141 - Soil Science Laboratory Credits: 1
- EES 475 - Field Studies in Ecology Credits: 1-3
- INT 482 - (SBE, PSE) Pesticides and the Environment Credits: 3
- PSE 320 - Soil Organic Matter Management Credits: 3
- PSE 457 - Plant Pathology Credits: 4
- SMS 300 - Marine Ecology Credits: 3
- WLE 200 - Ecology Credits: 3
- WLE 201 - Ecology Laboratory Credits: 3
- WLE 423 - Wetland Ecology and Conservation Credits: 4
- L - BIO 205, BIO 327, BIO 355, BIO 437, BIO 447, BIO 463, BIO 476, EES 141, EES 475, PSE 457, WLE 201, WLE 280, WLE 423
- A - BIO 327, BIO 354, BIO 434
- P - PSE 457
Affiliated Sciences and Math for the B.A. in Zoology
To complete your B.A. in Zoology you must take courses in Chemistry, Mathematics, and Physics. Below we have outlined your options for completing each requirement.
Organic Chemistry Option 1
Organic Chemistry Option 2
Organic Chemistry Option 3
Other Requirements for the B.A. in Zoology
Students are required to develop an enriched international perspective. This may be done by:
(1) establishing proficiency in a foreign language at the intermediate level,
(2) completing at least one semester in a University of Maine approved foreign exchange program, or
(3) completing 9 credits in General Education courses in Cultural Diversity and International Perspectives. In addition, the College of Natural Sciences, Forestry, and Agriculture requires 27 credits of General Education courses in Human Values and Social Context for the B.A. and at least 12 or those credits must be at the 200 level or above.
Courses in Suggested Sequence for the B.A. in Zoology
First Year - First Semester
First Year - Second Semester
Second Year - First Semester
Second Year - Second Semester
- Biological Sciences Area Choice2 Credits: 3-5
- International Perspective5 Credits: 2-4
- General Education Requirement or Elective Credits: 6-9
Third Year - First Semester
- PHY 105 - Descriptive Physics Credits: 4
(See Footnote 6) - Biological Sciences Area Choice2 Credits: 2-4
- International Perspective5 Credits: 3
- General Education Requirement or Elective Credits: 3
Third Year - Second Semester
- General Education Requirement or Elective Credits: 3-12
- Biological Sciences Area Choice2 Credits: 3-4
Fourth Year - First Semester
- Biological Sciences Area Choice2 Credits: 3-4
- Capstone7 Credits: 3
- General Education Requirements or Electives Credits: 7-10
Fourth Year - Second Semester
- Biological Sciences Area Choice2 Credits: 3-10
- General Education Requirements or Electives Credits: 4-12
Footnotes
1See the General Education requirements for all students at the University. If BIO 400 (Biological Sciences Writing Intensive) is used to satisfy the General Education Writing Intensive in the major requirement, then it must be taken in conjunction with a selected upper-level BIO course (see listings in Schedule of Classes), usually during the third or fourth year
2See above lists of courses in the five Biological Sciences Areas and follow requirements for total number of credits, number of credits per area, number of courses with laboratories (L), and number of animal (A) courses in areas III-V
3Alternatively, students may take CHY 251/253 and BMB 322/323 or CHY 251/253 and CHY 252/254
4Alternatively, students may take MAT 126
5See Other Requirements above for ways to satisfy this requirement for the B.A. degree
6Alternatively, students may take PHY 111 and 112
7The General Education capstone experience may be completed with BIO 388, 392, 402, 438, 447, 450, 463, or HON 499
Concentration in Ecology
This concentration is intended for students interested in exposure to ecological principles within the context of a rigorous biological sciences curriculum. Students in this concentration must meet all of the requirements for the Zoology B.A. degree. The concentration also includes WLE 220 Introduction to Statistical Ecology and a requirement for a course on environmental influences. A total of 29-35 credits are required to complete the concentration depending on the selections made for each of the requirements.
Specific requirements:
1. Affiliated Sciences and Math
2. Area I. Cell and Molecular Biology
Free choice among Area I courses in the Zoology curriculum Credits: 3-4
3. Area II. Genetics
Free choice among Area II courses in the Zoology curriculum Credits: 3-5
4. Area III. Physiology
Free choice among Area III courses in the Zoology curriculum Credits: 3-5
5. Area IV. Biodiversity
- BIO 465 - Evolution Credits: 3
- In addition, 3 credits chosen from the Area IV courses in the Zoology curriculum Credits: 6-7
6. Area V. Ecology and Behavior
7. Primary and Secondary Producers
Choose at least one course labeled A and one labeled P from Areas I-V in the Zoology curriculum. These courses can also satisfy requirements in Areas I-V for the basic Zoology major and so do not add to the number of credits needed beyond the basic Zoology major.
8. Area VI. Environmental Influences
Three credits are required. Choose from these courses:
9. Field Experience
Choose at least one course from this list. This course can also satisfy one of the areas above.
10. Capstone
Choose one of these courses*:
11. Writing requirement (students in the Honors program are exempt)
One course required. Choose from the following courses*:
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